Verbos modales: 'Will'
"Will" es un auxiliar modal. Tiene varios usos (formar futuro, peticiones corteses, voluntad...) que veremos detalladamente más adelante.
Como verbo auxiliar comparte las características de los modales:
- Va seguido de un verbo en infinitivo sin "to", excepto be able to, need to, have to y ought to.
- La tercera persona del singular no lleva -s en el presente simple.
- No necesita añadir el auxiliar do/does para la forma interrogativa y negativa.
- No tiene tiempos compuestos ni progresivos.
- No tiene infinitivo.
Afirmativo
Sujeto + will + verbo en infinitivo sin "to" + ...
La tercera persona del singular del verbo no lleva -s.
Ejemplo:
| Forma larga | Forma corta |
|---|---|
| I will work | I'll work |
| You will work | You'll work |
| He will work | He'll work |
| She will work | She'll work |
| It will work | It'll work |
| We will work | We'll work |
| You will work | You'll work |
| They will work | They'll work |
Negativo
Sujeto + will + not + verbo en infinitivo sin "to" + ...
| Forma larga | Forma corta |
|---|---|
| I will not work | I won't work |
| You will not work | You won't work |
| He will not work | He won't work |
| She will not work | She won't work |
| It will not work | It won't work |
| We will not work | We won't work |
| You will not work | You won't work |
| They will not work | They won't work |
Interrogativo
Afirmativo
Will + sujeto + verbo en infinitivo sin "to" + ... ?
Negativo
will + sujeto + not + v. en infinitivo sin "to" + ... ?
Won't + sujeto + v. en infinitivo sin "to" + ... ?
Ejemplo:
| Afirmativo | Negativo | |
|---|---|---|
| will I work...? | will I not work...? | Won't I work...? |
| will you work...? | will you not work...? | Won't you work...? |
| will he work...? | will he not work...? | Won't he work...? |
| will she work...? | will she not work...? | Won't she work...? |
| will it work...? | will it not work...? | Won't it work...? |
| will we work...? | will we not work...? | Won't we work...? |
| will you work...? | will you not work...? | Won't you work...? |
| will they work...? | will they not work...? | Won'tthey work...? |
Usos de "will"
1 'Will' se usa como verbo auxiliar en la construción del futuro. Como hemos visto, también se puede hacer con 'shall' en la primera persona del singular y plural, aunque la tendencia es utilizar 'will' para todas las personas. La forma contraída de 'will' y 'shall' es -'ll.
I will arrive next week.
Llegaré la semana que viene.
She'll be there by 8.00
Estará allí para las 8.00.
2 Se emplea para hacer sugerencias o preguntar si alguien quiere hacer algo o quiere algo en las oraciones interrogativas. Se traduce por el verbo 'querer' en presente.
Will you go with me?
¿Quieres venir conmigo?
Will he have another cup of tea?
¿Quiere otra taza de té?
3 Para expresar voluntad.
I will go with you.
Iré contigo/quiero ir contigo.
He will have another cup of tea.
Tomará otra taza de té/quiere otra taza de té.
4 Para expresar suposición o predicción.
He will be rich one day.
Será rico algún día.
Tomorrow will be a warm and sunny day.
Mañana será un día cálido y soleado.
5 Para órdenes.
You will do your homework.
Harás tus deberes.
Ejercicios
Elige la opción correcta.
1 ____ you turn off the TV?
2 It's sunny, I think you ____ need the umbrella.
3 I'm sure she ____ help you.
4 ____ we be finished soon?
5 I ____ make dinner tomorrow.
6 He promised he ____ go to visit his friend in London.
7 ____ they wait for us?
8 Don't worry, I ____ look after your dog.
9 He ____ finish his homework before going out.
10 ____ you give up smoking, please?
