Have to
"Have to" es un semiauxiliar que se suele traducir por "tener que".
La diferencia con "must" es que "must" se usa para dar órdenes o expresar una obligación moral interna de la persona que habla u ordena y "have to" indica que la obligación viene de normas externas, una tercera persona o de una circunstancia.
I must go to work.
Tengo que ir a trabajar.
I have to do what my parents say.
Tengo que hacer lo que mis padres dicen.
Una de las características importantes que lo distinguen de los "auxiliares puros", como "must", es que necesita del auxiliar "do" para la negación y la interrogación. También se le añade -s a la tercera persona del singular.
Su conjugación en presente simple del indicativo sería:
| Afirmativo | Negativo | |
|---|---|---|
| I have to work | I do not have to work | I don't have to work |
| You have to work | You do not have to work | You don't have to work |
| He has to work | He does not have to work | He doesn't have to work |
| She has to work | She does not have to work | She doesn't have to work |
| It has to work | It does not have to work | It doesn't have to work |
| We have to work | We do not have to work | We don't have to work |
| You have to work | You do not have to work | You don't have to work |
| They have to work | They do not have to work | They don't have to work |
| Interrogativo | ||
|---|---|---|
| Do I have to work? | Do I not have to work? | Don't I have to work? |
| Do you have to work? | Do you not have to work? | Don't you have to work? |
| Does he have to work? | Does he not have to work? | Doesn't he have to work? |
| Does she have to work? | Does she not have to work? | Doesn't she have to work? |
| Does it have to work? | Does it not have to work? | Doesn't it have to work? |
| Do we have to work? | Do we not have to work? | Don't we have to work? |
| Do you have to work? | Do you not have to work? | Don't you have to work? |
| Do they have to work? | Do they not have to work? | Don't they have to work? |
Ejercicios
Elige la respuesta correcta.
1 Yesterday I _____ clean the house.
2 You ____ stop smoking.
3 ____ work next weekend?
4 My pupils ____ do their homework or they'll not pass.
5 In England you ____ drive on the left.
6 ____ to arrive at work at eight?
7 If she isn't 18 years old she _____get her parent's permission.
8 She ____ leave the clothes on the floor.
9 My sister Susan ____ help my mother.
10 Drivers ____ remember to signal when they turn.
