Futuro perfecto
El futuro perfecto o "future perfect" se usa para acciones o estados que habrán terminado en un momento dado en el futuro.
Suele ir acompañado por la preposición "by" (por/para) o la expresión adverbial "by the time" (para cuando).
I'll have finished my exams by next Monday.
Habré terminado mis exámenes para el lunes que viene.
También se usa para indicar suposición.
Don't phone her. She will have left.
No la llames por teléfono. Se habrá marchado.
Afirmativo
Sujeto + shall/will + have + past participle del verbo + ...
Para la primera persona del singular y plural se utilizan indistintamente "shall" y "will" aunque la tendencia es a usar "will" para todas las personas.
En inglés americano normalmente no se usa "shall".
En las formas afirmativas contraídas no es necesario distinguir entre will y shall, ya que gráficamente ambas se expresan como 'll.
Forma larga | Forma corta |
---|---|
I shall/will have worked | I'll have worked |
You will have worked | You'll have worked |
He will have worked | He'll have worked |
She will have worked | She'll have worked |
It will have worked | It'll have worked |
We shall/willl have worked | We'll have worked |
You will have worked | You'll have worked |
They will have worked | They'll have worked |
Ejemplos
I'll have finished by the time you get home. | Habré terminado para cuando llegues a casa. |
He will have decided to leave. | Habrá decidido marcharse. |
They'll have studied the lesson by Saturday. | Habrán estudiado la lección para el sábado. |
Negativo
Forma larga | Sujeto + shall /will + not + have + verbo en past participle + ... |
---|---|
Forma corta | Sujeto + shan't/ won't + have + verbo en past participle + ... |
Forma larga | Forma corta |
---|---|
I shall/will not have worked | I shan't/won't have worked |
You will not have worked | You won't have worked |
He will not have worked | He won't have worked |
She will not have worked | She won't have worked |
It will not have worked | It won't have worked |
We shall/will not have worked | We shan't/won't have worked |
You will not have worked | You won't have worked |
They will not have worked | They won't have worked |
Ejemplos
I'll not have cleaned the house by Saturday. | No habré limpiado la casa para el sábado. |
You will not have finished your exam by 10 o'clock. | No habrás terminado tu examen para las diez. |
He won't have translated the letters by the time she leaves. | No habrá traducido las cartas para cuando se vaya. |
She'll not have visited her mother by noon. | No habrá visitado a su madre para el mediodía. |
It will not have sailed before we get to the port. | No habrá zarpado antes de que lleguemos al puerto. |
We shall not have finished our task by this evening. | No habremos terminado nuestra tarea para esta tarde. |
You'll not have travelled to Lisbon by the end of the year. | No habrás viajado a Lisboa para finales de año. |
They won't have forgotten me by then. | No me habrán olvidado para entonces. |
Interrogativo
Afirmativo
Shall/Will + sujeto + have + verbo en past participle + ...?
Negativo
Forma larga | Shall/Will + sujeto + not + have + verbo en past participle + ...? |
---|---|
Forma corta | Shan't/Won't + sujeto + have + verbo en past participle + ...? |
Afirmativo | Negativo | |
---|---|---|
Shall/Will I have worked? | Shall/Will I not have worked? | Shan't/Won't I have worked? |
Will you have worked? | Will you not have worked? | Won't you have worked? |
Will he have worked? | Will he not have worked? | Won't he have worked? |
Will she have worked? | Will she not have worked? | Won't she have worked? |
Will it have worked? | Will it not have worked? | Won't it have worked? |
Shall/Will we have worked? | Shall/Will we not have worked? | Shan't/Won't we have worked? |
Will you have worked? | Will you not have worked? | Won't you have worked? |
Will they have worked? | Will they not have worked? | Won't they have worked? |
Ejemplos
Will I have received it by 8 o'clock? | ¿Lo habré recibido para las 8? |
Where will you have discussed it with your husband? | ¿Dónde lo habrás discutido con tu marido? |
Won't he have typed his essay by the time his teacher arrives? | ¿No habrá escrito a máquina su ensayo para cuando llegue su profesor? |
Will she have paid a lot of money by the end of the season? | ¿Habrá pagado mucho dinero para final de temporada? |
Will it not have rained by then? | ¿No habrá llovido para entonces? |
Shall we have done the ironing tomorrow? | ¿Habremos planchado para mañana? |
Won't you have repaired the washing machine before the party? | ¿No habréis reparado la lavadora antes de la fiesta? |
When will they have arrested the criminal? | ¿Cuándo habrán arrestado al criminal? |
Ejercicios
Escribe el verbo marcado en verde en la forma del futuro perfecto.
'll/will have finished
will have started
will have gone
Will we not/Won't/Shan't we have learnt
will you have started
I'll/will/shall have listened
He'll/will have made
will have left
you'll/ will have been seen
Won't she have read / will she not have read
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Quiero aprender un poco mad el idioma inglés
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