Scalar Multiplication
The product of a number, k, by a vector 
is another vector:
In the same direction of if k is positive.
In the opposite direction of if k is negative.
Of magintude 
Example
Properties of Scalar Multiplication
Associative.
k · (k' · ) = (k · k') ·
Right distributivity.
k · ( + 
) = k · + k ·
Left distributivity.
(k + k') · = k · + k' ·
Multiplicative Identity.
1 · =
