Scalar Matrix Multiplication
Given a matrix, A = (aij), and a real number, k 
R, the product of a real number by a matrix is a matrix of the same dimension as A, and each element is multiplied by k.
k · A=(k aij)
Properties
a · (b · A) = (a · b) · A
A Mmxn, a, b 
a · (A + B) = a · A + a · BA,B Mmxn , a
(a + b) · A = a · A + b · A
A Mmxn , a, b
1 · A = A
A Mmxn
